gall

Galls on a dried leaf.

Meanings

Bile, especially that of an animal; the greenish, profoundly bitter-tasting fluid found in bile ducts and gall bladders, structures associated with the liver.
The gall bladder.
Great misery or physical suffering, likened to the bitterest-tasting of substances.
A feeling of exasperation.
Impudence or brazenness; temerity, chutzpah.
A sore or open wound caused by chafing, which may become infected, as with a blister.
A sore on a horse caused by an ill-fitted or ill-adjusted saddle; a saddle sore.
A pit on a surface being cut caused by the friction between the two surfaces exceeding the bond of the material at a point.
A blister or tumor-like growth found on the surface of plants, caused by burrowing of insect larvae into the living tissues, especially that of the common oak gall wasp Cynips quercusfolii (species).
A bump-like imperfection resembling a gall.

To bother or trouble.
To harass, to harry, often with the intent to cause injury.
To chafe, to rub or subject to friction; to create a sore on the skin.
To exasperate.
To cause pitting on a surface being cut from the friction between the two surfaces exceeding the bond of the material at a point.
To scoff; to jeer.
To impregnate with a decoction of gallnuts in dyeing.

From Middle English galle, from Old English galla, ġealla, from Proto-Germanic *gallǭ. Related to Dutch gal, German Galle, Swedish galle, galla, Ancient Greek χολή. Also remotely related with yellow.
Borrowed from French galle, from Latin galla ("oak-apple").

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