From Middle English chese, from Old English ċīese, specifically the Anglian form ċēse, from Proto-West Germanic *kāsī, borrowed from Latin cāseus. queso.
Though commonly claimed to be a borrowing of Persian چیز, the term does not occur earliest in Anglo-Indian sources, but instead is "well recorded in British and Australian sources from the 1840s onwards".
Etymology unknown. Possibly an alteration of cease.