Borrowed from Persian افغان ("Afghan"), from Bactrian αβαγανο, first attested in the fourth century CE, most likely a compound of *apāka- + *-āna: "people from a distant land". Various scholars have proposed Sanskrit etymologies since the nineteenth century (especially prior to the 2007 publication of earlier Bactrian attestations for the word), but linguist Johnny Cheung notes that these are "extremely difficult to reconcile" with recent evidence pointing to a Bactrian source.
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