dismay

Meanings

Verb

• To cause to feel apprehension; great sadness, or fear; to deprive of energy
• To render lifeless; to subdue; to disquiet.
• To take dismay or fright; to be filled with dismay.

Noun

• A sudden or complete loss of courage and firmness in the face of trouble or danger; overwhelming and disabling terror; a sinking of the spirits
• Condition fitted to dismay; ruin.

Origin

• From Middle English dismayen, from Anglo-Norman *desmaiier, alteration of Old French esmaier ("to frighten"), probably from Vulgar Latin *exmagare ("to deprive (someone) of strength, to disable"), from ex- + *magare, from Proto-Germanic *maginą, *maganą, from Proto-Indo-European *megʰ- ("to be able"). Akin to Old High German magan, megin ("power, might, main"), Old English mæġen ("might, main"), Old High German magan, mugan, Old English magan ("to be able"). Cognate with Portuguese desmaiar ("to faint"). See also Portuguese esmagar, Spanish amagar. More at main, may.